Paper · arXiv 2603.03241
UniG2U-Bench: Do Unified Models Advance Multimodal Understanding?
Zimo Wen, Boxiu Li, Wanbo Zhang, Junxiang Lei, Xiaoyu Chen, Yijia Fan, Qi Zhang, Yujiang Wang, Lili Qiu, Bo Li, Ziwei Liu, Caihua Shan, Yifan Yang, Yifei Shen
Unified multimodal models show mixed performance in generation-to-understanding tasks, with specific subtasks benefiting from enhanced spatial and reasoning capabilities while overall performance lags behind specialized vision-language models.
Abstract
Unified multimodal models have recently demonstrated strong generative capabilities, yet whether and when generation improves understanding remains unclear. Existing benchmarks lack a systematic exploration of the specific tasks where generation facilitates understanding. To this end, we introduce UniG2U-Bench, a comprehensive benchmark categorizing generation-to-understanding (G2U) evaluation into 7 regimes and 30 subtasks, requiring varying degrees of implicit or explicit visual transformations. Extensive evaluation of over 30 models reveals three core findings: 1) Unified models generally underperform their base Vision-Language Models (VLMs), and Generate-then-Answer (GtA) inference typically degrades performance relative to direct inference. 2) Consistent enhancements emerge in spatial intelligence, visual illusions, or multi-round reasoning subtasks, where enhanced spatial and shape perception, as well as multi-step intermediate image states, prove beneficial. 3) Tasks with similar reasoning structures and models sharing architectures exhibit correlated behaviors, suggesting that generation-understanding coupling induces class-consistent inductive biases over tasks, pretraining data, and model architectures. These findings highlight the necessity for more diverse training data and novel paradigms to fully unlock the potential of unified multimodal modeling.