Paper · arXiv 2501.10799
Step-KTO: Optimizing Mathematical Reasoning through Stepwise Binary Feedback
Yen-Ting Lin, Di Jin, Tengyu Xu, Tianhao Wu, Sainbayar Sukhbaatar, Chen Zhu, Yun He, Yun-Nung Chen, Jason Weston, Yuandong Tian, Arash Rahnama, Sinong Wang, Hao Ma, Han Fang
Step-KTO, a training framework providing binary feedback on both intermediate steps and final answers, enhances the reasoning coherence and accuracy of large language models.
Abstract
Large language models (LLMs) have recently demonstrated remarkable success in mathematical reasoning. Despite progress in methods like chain-of-thought prompting and self-consistency sampling, these advances often focus on final correctness without ensuring that the underlying reasoning process is coherent and reliable. This paper introduces Step-KTO, a training framework that combines process-level and outcome-level binary feedback to guide LLMs toward more trustworthy reasoning trajectories. By providing binary evaluations for both the intermediate reasoning steps and the final answer, Step-KTO encourages the model to adhere to logical progressions rather than relying on superficial shortcuts. Our experiments on challenging mathematical benchmarks show that Step-KTO significantly improves both final answer accuracy and the quality of intermediate reasoning steps. For example, on the MATH-500 dataset, Step-KTO achieves a notable improvement in Pass@1 accuracy over strong baselines. These results highlight the promise of integrating stepwise process feedback into LLM training, paving the way toward more interpretable and dependable reasoning capabilities.